pmjs logs for December 2001. Total number of messages: 92

To make logs quicker to open and easier to read, announcements of a public nature have be removed and placed on an open page: an2001.12. Only the header and a short lead is given below.

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new members: Janick Wrona and Jordan Sand 

female heir? (Michael Watson, Rokuo Tanaka, Robert Khan, Rein Raud, Matthew Stavros, David Pollack, Anthony Bryant) 

Gates to Heian-kyo (Jacques Joly) 

Chiyome query (Rokuo Tanaka) 

military flag? (Ian MacDonald, Rokuo Tanaka) 

Early Ukiyo-e Symposium, London, 2-3 February 2002 

DNS = Dai Nihon Shiryo ghost volume (Royall Tyler, Mikael Adolphson, Rokuo Tanaka, Wayne Farris, Tom Conlan) 

Yaoya Oshichi (Janine Beichman, Greg Pflugfelder) 

Japanese garden terms dictionary (Walter Edwards, Melanie Trede) 

new members/profile: Katja Triplett, Suzy Styles, and Pedro P. Palazzo de Almeida 

Mitsui Bunko (Eric Rath, Kazuko Suzuki, Noel Pinnington) 

Hidden meaning? (Lawrence Marceau) 

Huzzah for Michael (William Londo, Janine Beichman, Royall Tyler, Elliot Berlin , Rokuo Tanaka, Monica Bethe, Wayne Farris, Jordi Escurriola) 

technology [.php files] (Amanda Stinchecum, Pedro P. Palazzo de Almeida, Michael Wachutka) 

AAS Roommate Needed --> hotels at AAS (Monica Dix, Lewis Cook, Elliot Berlin, WIlliam Londo, Barbara Nostrand) --> hotels, confab etc. (Stephen Miller, Carol Tsang) 

Shigeta Sadakatsu (Andrey Fesyun) --> Shigeta Sadakazu aka Jippensha Ikku (Rokuo Tanaka, Janine Beichman, Alan Cummings, Lawrence Marceau, Lewis Cook) 

list announcements / new members: Lili Selden, Sandra Jacobs, and Don Druick 

human sacrifice a.k.a. sacrifice at Edojou a.k.a. self-mummification (Katja Triplett, Luke Roberts, Bill Higginson, Rokuo Tanaka, Adriana Boscaro, Jacqueline Stone, Katja Triplett, William Bodiford, Barbara Nostrand, Noel John Pinnington, Rokuo Tanaka, Mark E. Hall) 

Job announcement (Suzanne Gay) 

New members: Max Moeman and Anna Johnson-Betty 

I. Lvovoi (Michael Watson, Maureen Donovan) 

pmjs footer: Suzanne Gay's *The Moneylenders of Late Medieval Kyoto* 




Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 14:06:48 +0900
From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>
Subject: new members, changes

We welcome two new members, Janick Wrona and Jordan Sand.
We also have new addresses for Janine Beichman and Karen Brock and a detailed new profile from Michael Wachutka.

In other news, the New York Times online has published a review of Royall Tyler's GENJI (see footer) and as of 13:40 JST, Masako-sama was taken to the bunbenshitsu of the Imperial Household hospital
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/
http://www.asahi.com/
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Karen Brock <......@...thlink.net>

Janine Beichman <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>

Janick Wrona <...ick.wr...@...tford.oxford.ac.uk>

DPhil candidate
Hertford College, University of Oxford
Research interests: Complement clauses and relative clauses in Old and Early Middle Japanese, syntactic changes in Old and Early Middle Japanese

Jordan Sand <......@...ch.edu>

Social and culture historian of modern Japan, in the History and East
Asian Languages and Cultures departments at Georgetown University. Main
areas of interest: history of architecture, urban and domestic space,
material culture, museology.
Address for academic year 2001-2002:
Center for Japanese Studies
University of Michigan
Suite 3603, 1080 S. University
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1106 USA

Michael Wachutka

After studying Japanology and Sinology at Tuebingen University in Germany, I
obtained my MA in Comparative Culture/ Asian Studies from Sophia University
in Tokyo. Being a Ph.D. student at the Japanese Department in Tuebingen, I
currently am a research fellow at the German Institute for Japanese Studies
(DIJ) in Tokyo, working on my thesis on the life, ideas and
'behind-the-scene' influence of the _kokugaku_ scholar Iida Takesato
(1827-1900) and other members of his 'Great Japan Academic Association'
(Oyashima-gakkai).

My general interest lies in all areas of Japanese history, but my focus now
revolves around the adaptation of western academic ideas and methods by
Japanese scholars in early Meiji Japan, and the shifting interpretation of
Japanese mythology throughout the nativist movement spanning Tokugawa and
Meiji times.

* Wachutka, Michael. _Historical Reality or Metaphoric Expression?
Culturally formed contrasts in Karl Florenz' and lida Takesato's
interpretations of Japanese mythology_. Hamburg, London: Lit-Verlag, New
Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2001. [BUNKA - Tubinger interkulturelle
und linguistische Japanstudien/ BUNKA - Tuebingen intercultural and
linguistic studies on Japan, vol. 1]

* "Matching _kami_ with Modernity: an early Meiji essay by Iida Takesato",
in: Antoni, Klaus/ Kubota, Hiroshi/ Nawrocki, Johann/ Wachutka, Michael
(eds.). _Religion and National Identity in the Japanese Context_. Hamburg,
London: Lit-Verlag, New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2002. [BUNKA -
Tubinger interkulturelle und linguistische Japanstudien/ BUNKA - Tuebingen
intercultural and linguistic studies on Japan, vol. 3], pp. 217-234.
____________________________________________________________________
Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 15:39:12 +0900
From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>
Subject: female heir?

Princess Masako safely gave birth to a girl at 2:40 p.m., December 1st.

What will be the fate of this Imperial Princess, one wonders?



Date: Fri, 30 Nov 2001 22:53:57 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: female heir?


Well, My heartfelt congratulations to Emperor Akihito and Empress
Michiko, Crown Prince Naruhito and Crown Princess Masako!

This new born princess may become the reigning empress in the future.
Because I understand from an article in the local daily, The Honolulu
Advertised dated May 10, 2001 (Asia Pacific Column page 2) that PM
Jun'ichiro^ Koizumi is now proposing to revise the existing Imperial Family
Law to allow a female child from the imperial genealogy to be heir to the
throne, contrary to the traditional rule which only
permitted male children to ascend to the throne. Remember Empress Suiko
(554-628), the very first instance of the reigning empress?

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 09:32:48 +0000

From: Robert Khan <......@...l.utexas.edu>

Subject: Re: female heir?


Since the Imperial Family is evidently 'premodern,' list readers may be interested in the following online article from yesterday's 'Guardian' on press restrictions and the question of female inheritance etc:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/elsewhere/journalist/story/0,7792,609679,00.html

Robert Khan



Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 11:56:05 +0200

From: "Rein Raud" <...n.r...@...l.ee>

To: Multiple recipients of pmjs <....@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: Re: female heir?


As I understand, the possibility of raising empresses to the throne was
precluded after the Dokyo incident but that there were nevertheless a few
empresses during the Edo period. Does anybody have information about the
legal side of this thing?

Rein Raud



Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 21:16:36 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: Re: female heir?


The formal name of the law in question would appear to be koushitsu tenpan of 1947 [kanji]
An online text can be found here
http://duplex.tripod.co.jp/hou/hs22-3.htm
This replaces the original koushitsu tenpan of Meiji 22 (1889)
http://members.tripod.co.jp/duplex/tenpan.htm

A study of these documents will impress our colleagues on Monday.

Less informally, you will also see the expression "koui keishou seido" [kanji]
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/princess/p0417_04.htm
with genealogy

On suggestion of reform (kaisei), P.M. Koizumi had this to say today:
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/00/20011201i211.htm

Doing the Saturday shop, we amused by the variety of expressions in thesigns congratulating the Crown Prince and Princess that appeared inour local Yokohama shoutengai. Prepared in advance, the signs were sex-neutral

... kouson (*) "imperial grandchild"-- an expression that was new to me
... kouson denka
... o-ko-sama
and even
...akachan
all followed by ...gotanjou omedetou gozaimasu.

In the media, the infant is being referred to as Nai Shinnou [Denka] or Shinmiya-sama

The Emperor's presentation of the "mamori-katana" and "hakana"--a ceremony called shiken (*)--has taken place. Ceremonies to come (naming, o-miya-mairi) are also described here:
http://www.asahi.com/national/update/1201/024.html

Pardon my fascination with such things.

kanji here



::::: pmjs footer:::::


A review of Royall Tyler's GENJI translation by Janice Nimura has appeared in
the New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/02/books/review/02NIMURAT.html
(Free registration required)



Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 14:29:31 +0000

From: Robert Khan <......@...l.utexas.edu>

Subject: Re: female heir?


Not exactly legal information, Rein, but an article from the L.A. Times (November 17th) quoted on the Japanforum list (japanfo...@...ts.nbr.org) included the following:

-----
In fact Japan has had eight female emperors, dating as far back as 592, periods associated with peace, prosperity, even other-worldly powers. "It's about time women recovered the power they had in ancient times," says Fukui Prefectural University professor Fujitani.

But a closer look finds that most were place holders until the male line could reassert itself. In the last case, female Emperor Gosakuramachi in 1770 handed the job back to a 13-year-old boy. "We had eight female emperors, but they were just relief players," says Kyoto Sangyo University historian Tokoro.
-----

Robert Khan

As I understand, the possibility of raising empresses to the throne was
precluded after the Dokyo incident but that there were nevertheless a few
empresses during the Edo period. Does anybody have information about the
legal side of this thing?

Rein Raud



Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 12:37:10 -0500

From: Matthew Stavros <...av...@...nceton.EDU>

Subject: Re: female heir?


I'm curious:

Yomiuri quoted former prime minister Nakasone as saying,

"Regardless of the current circumstances, it is necessary to examine this topic [of female succession]. -->Japanese text

Then went on to say that Nakasone felt both houses of parliament should (must) convene an "investigation committee.- ->Japanese text

I'm wondering what exactly they would be investigating. There is precedence,without doubt. Could it be the nationalist factor? Perhaps a betterquestion would be why it was a male-only succession scheme in the first place.

M. Stavros

ALSO: Thank you to all who gave me valuable and much needed advice on death and burial. It was a pleasure to receive input from so many great sources.



Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2001 11:43:57 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: female heir?


> kouson "imperial grandchild"-- an expression that was new to me
> kouson denka

Somehow, not new to me. I remember it as a four letter compound - "ko^so,
ko^son," the former is the ancestor of emperors, specifically, Amaterasu
no O^mikoto, the latter the grandchild(ren) of the imperial
lineage, again specifically, Ninigi no Mikoto. My memory is rather
vague, but the words might be from _Nihon Shoki_.

> Pardon my fascination with such things.

Same here.

Many thanks to the useful online sites.

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2001 22:20:13 -0500

From: David Pollack <...l...@...l.rochester.edu>

Subject: Re: female heir?


Just a sidebar (remember sidebars?) to Tanaka-san's mention of the
return of the hinomaru (it's obviously old enough to qualify for PMJS).
A few weeks ago, a tv news report featured a shot of Japanese warships
they said were sailing from Japan to participate in the war on
Afghanistan, a first in postwar history, if only in a support capacity.
What riveted my attention was that the ships were flying the old battle
version of the flag, the one with rays, which I had for some reason long
assumed was either outlawed or not used because of its connotations.
Does the Japanese military, excuse me the self-defence forces, always
fly that version?

David Pollack



Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2001 22:49:45 -0500

From: "Anthony J. Bryant" <...ry...@...iana.edu>

Subject: Re: female heir?


David Pollack wrote:
<...>
Does the Japanese military, excuse me the self-defence forces, always
fly that version?

Umm... that's the naval ensign. Of course it's not outlawed.

For the record, the rank of the commander is distinct by the number of rays on
the sun (at least, that's the case for the admirals' flags).

Tony


:

Date: Sat, 1 Dec 2001 22:52:16 -0500

From: Matthew Stavros <...av...@...nceton.EDU>

Subject: Re: female heir?


I was once corrected by an elderly Japanese gentleman after making mention of Japan's "wartime flag" (referring to the one with the rays). He explained that that particular flag was, and still is, actually just the flag of the Japanese navy and really nothing more. Because the Japanese navy was so instrumental during the war (particularly from a US perspective), the flag became ingrained in the minds of many as the "war flag."

I get the sense that this may indeed be true but please don't quote me (or the gentleman who told me so).

Now back to "premodern."

Matthew Stavros


:

Date: Sun, 02 Dec 2001 13:50:29 +0900

From: Jacques Joly <...yj...@...x.kyoto-inet.or.jp>

Subject: Re: Gates to Heian-kyo


ABout directional taboos in Heian times, 1954 Bernard Frank's masterpiece on that subject : : "kata imi et kata tagae" , les interdits de directions l'epoque de Heian (I cite the title by memory, it can slighly differ) has just been reedited by the Presses Universitaires de France, in F. Jullien's collection : "Orientales".
Yours,
Jacques Joly


:

Kata-imi et kata-tagae : etude sur les interdits de direction a l'epoque Heian

/ par Bernard Frank ; : pbk. -- College de France, Institut des hautes etudes

Japonaises, 1998. -- (Bibliotheque de l'Institut des hautes etudes japonaises)

http://webcat.nii.ac.jp/

http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/291321701X/

/ed


:

Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2001 23:59:11 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: female heir?


I am racking my memories out of lame brains, but I believe
the elderly Japanese gentleman under reference was correct: the flag with the
rays was "gunkanki" (a naval ensign regardless of the size and type of
warships). It was not somehow called "kaigunki."

Rokuo Tanaka

On Sat, 1 Dec 2001, Matthew Stavros wrote:

I was once corrected by an elderly Japanese gentleman after making mention
of Japan's "wartime flag" (referring to the one with therays).


:


Date: Sun, 02 Dec 2001 02:06:28 -1000 (HST)
From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>
To: Multiple recipients of pmjs <....@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: Chiyome query

After Professor Marceau's excellent research on Chiyome or Chiyojo (both
in same kanji), I dare discuss this topic once again, albeit not exactly
pmjs.
The word association of kunoichi, ninja, Takeda Shingen, manga, and video
games has led me to the numerous ninpo^ jidai sho^setsu by Yamada
Fu^taro^ (1922-2001 [July]).

Yamada was basically a mystery writer who was awarded the Japan Misteri^
Bungaku Taisho^ (Grand Prix) last year, presumably, for his life time
achievement (Nichigai Web Access has no mention of the book). In 1958,he
published the first ninpo^ fiction _Ko^ga Ninpo^jo^_ which was such a
great hit that he wrote a series of ninpo^ (the art of ninjutsu)
sho^setsu since then. _Yamada Fu^taro^ Ninpo^ Zenshu^ 15 Vol- are now
available from Ko^dansha.

Yamada skillfully blends historically chronicled personae familiar to
Japanese, e.g. Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Hideyori, Senhime, Tokugawa Ieyasu,
Takeda Shingen, Sanada Yukimura, nado nado, with both male and female
fictitious ninja of Ko^ga-ryu^, Iga-ryu^ ninja, hagakure, and heavily
spiced with bizarre erotica. These fictions attracted/attract the millions
of white-and blue color audiences as strictly "guy things.
Compared with Yamada's ninpo^ fictions, J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter
series are indeed kids' stuff.

My guess is that Chiyome may be found in the following two:
_Ku-no-ichi Ninpo^jo^_ and/or _Shingen Ninpo^jo^_ (Shingen=Takeda
Shingen).

His bio is listed in:
_Taishu^ Bungaku Jiten_ (Manabe Motoyuki, ed. Tokyo: Seiabo^, 1967, p654)
_Nihon Kindai Bungaku Daijiten_ (Ko^danshla, 1977, p424)

His major works including the above two are given in detail in
_Gendai Ninki Sakka 101 nin (Guide to Japanese Literary Works: 101 Popular
Novelistsõ?Works) _ (Nichigai Associates, 1996, p407-414).

Rokuo Tanaka



:

:::: pmjs footer:::::


For an accessible guide to the subject of imperial succession and the question
of female heirs, see _Koushitsu keishou_ by Takahashi Hiroshi and Tokoro Isao,
Bunshun Shinsho, 1998.

An official translation of the Koushitsu tenpan (Imperial Household Law) of
1947 can be found at
http://www.geocities.com/jtaliaferro.geo/1947law.html



Date: Mon, 03 Dec 2001 15:11:43 -0800

From: Ian McCullough MacDonald <...mc...@...nford.edu>

Subject: military flag?


I had heard that the WWII-era "rising sun" flag was referred to in Japanese
as "kyoku-jitsu-ki", which is defined in the Kojien as "the former flag of
the Japanese military and warships" ("moto nihon no gunki, gunkanki").

Ian MacDonald

on 01.12.2 1:59 AM, Rokuo Tanaka at ro...@...aii.edu wrote:
I am racking my memories out of lame brains, but I believe
the elderly Japanese gentleman under reference was correct: the flag with the
rays was "gunkanki" (a naval ensign regardless of the size and type of
warships). It was not somehow called "kaigunki."



Date: Mon, 03 Dec 2001 14:47:31 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: military flag?


I do NOT dare defy the Iwanami yougo, i.e. definition of the Kojien, but I understand that "kyoku-jitsu-ki" refers (ippanteki ni) to the "hi no maru, the "rising sun." Kyoku-jitsu (xu yue in Chinese) means the morning sun,
literary the "rising sun" and can be traced in a poem in the Shikyo (Shih Chin or the Book of Songs), the oldest extant Chinese anthology.

There was a spirit raising march song with a lyric, "Kyoku jitsu takaku something something something," but it was ..um..well before my time.

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 11:33:25 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

To: Multiple recipients of pmjs <....@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: Re: Early Ukiyo-e Symposium, London, 2-3 February 2002


Crossposting from Japan Art History Forum

From: Timothy Clark <......@...TISH-MUSEUM.AC.UK>
Subject: Early Ukiyo-e Symposium, London, 2-3 February 2002

Announcement of an International Symposium:
EARLY UKIYO-E: NEW PERSPECTIVES

Organised by Royal Academy of Arts, London/Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures in conjunction with the exhibition 'The Dawn of the Floating World' (Royal Academy of Arts, 24 November 2001 - 17 February 2002)
Venue: Brunei Gallery Lecture Theatre, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square, London WC1
2-3 February 2002

The time is ripe for a completely new scholarly assessment of the origins and development of early ukiyo-e. Traditionally the approach has been based almost entirely on the study of individual artists. It is of paramount importance that this artist-based research continues, and the recent exhibition (Chiba City Museum of Arts, Oct. - Nov. 2000) devoted to Hishikawa Moronobu (d. 1694) provides a model for reassessing the oeuvre of 'the founder of the ukiyo-e school'. But other developments in ukiyo-e and related studies also offer exciting potential for a re-examination of the ways in which the history of early ukiyo-e can be written.

Since the 1980s there has been a resurgence of interest in the study of ukiyo-e painting. The recent publication by the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and Kodansha of highlights from the unparalleled Boston collections of nikuhitsu (3 vols., 2000) puts into place one of the final pieces of the jigsaw of paintings now scattered in collections all around the world. Early ukiyo-e prints rely almost entirely for their style, content and formats on pre-existing genres of painting. The early history of ukiyo-e is an exciting dynamic of mutual influence between paintings and prints. This is very evident in the arrangement of the exhibition at the Royal Academy and will be emphasised to the audience that attends the conference.

The 1990s have seen a relaxation of censorship in Japan, permitting for the first time the unapologetic appreciation and study of erotic paintings and prints (shunga). The frank depiction of explicit love-making in painted and printed form was one of the distinguishing features of early ukiyo-e. But much remains to be done to re-establish original contexts for the meanings and uses of the large quantities of erotica that was produced. Once again, publication by the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and Kodansha of highlights from the hitherto unknown Boston collection of painted shunga (1 vol., 2001) will assist scholars to map the parameters of Japanese erotic art.

The parodic re-working of traditional cultural themes into comic floating world pictures - a genre now known as mitate-e - also quickly reached epidemic proportions at the hands of entrepreneurs such as the author-artist-publishers Okumura Masanobu (1686-1764). Even if these were issued primarily with light-hearted intent, clearly at deeper level a much more profound process of cultural revamping was taking place. Recent research by historians of popular literature and the theatre will place this phenomenon in a much broader context.

This will be the first time that leading scholars from Japan, North America and Europe will meet in London to exchange New Perspectives on Early Ukiyo-e. The conference is proposed to coincide with the major exhibition The Dawn of the Floating World: Early Ukiyo-e Prints and Paintings (1650-1765) from the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (Royal Academy of Arts, London, 24 November 2001 - 17 February 2002). It will reinforce the impact of the exhibition by sharing the results of new research into early ukiyo-e with the interested public and specialists alike.
List of speakers (tbc):

Tadashi KOBAYASHI (Gakushuin University, Keynote speaker)

Shugo ASANO (Chiba City Museum of Art)
John CARPENTER (SOAS/SISJAC)
Hiroyuki KANO (Kyoto National Museum)
Sandy KITA (University of Maryland)
Joshua MOSTOW (University of British Columbia)
Junko MUTO (SISJAC Visiting Fellow)
Masato NAITO (Idemitsu Museum of Arts)
Timon SCREECH (SOAS/SISJAC)

Donald JENKINS (Portland Art Museum, Guest speaker)

Catalogue authors/panelists:

Timothy CLARK (British Museum)
Anne MORSE (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston)
Louise VIRGIN (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston)

Booking (via Education Dept., Royal Academy of Arts):

Fees for the conference are as follows:
two days:  75 ( 65 concessions/RA Friends,  25 students)
one day:  50 ( 15 students).
Fees includes tea, coffee, lunch, reception and private view of the exhibition.
For further details telephone 020 7300 5839 (Education Dept., Royal Academy)

The symposium New Perspectives on Early Ukiyo-e has been made possible by The Japan Foundation, Japan 2001 and the Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures.

New Perspectives on Early Ukiyo-e inaugurates a colloquy series Japanese Literature in Art, sponsored by the Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures in association with the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London, which promotes an inter-disciplinary study of Japanese visual culture. The colloquy series, to be convened annually, will support research and publications that take new approaches to text-image relationships in Japanese art, focussing especially on the interaction of literary or performing arts with calligraphy, painting and prints. Aimed at fostering closer relationships between scholars in Japan and the West, the colloquies will encourage international cooperation on research projects and mutual translation of recent scholarship in various languages.



Date: Tue, 4 Dec 2001 15:34:32 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: female heir?


Gaye Rowley has kindly pointed out that Peter Kornicki has addressed this very subject in the following article.

Peter F. Kornicki, "The Exclusion of Women from the Imperial Succession in Modern Japan," _Asiatica Venetiana_ no. 4 (1999):133-52. The journal is edited by Professor Adriana Boscaro and published by the Department of East Asian Studies at the University of Venice. ISSN 11265256.

Adriano Boscaro <...c...@...ve.it>
Dipartimento di Studi sull'Asia Orientale dell'Universita
Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Ca' Cappello, San Polo 2035, 30125 Venezia

journal
http://helios.unive.it/~dsao/webpages/av_home.html
department
http://helios.unive.it/~dsao/webpages/index.html



Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 15:54:04 -0500

From: Royall Tyler <.....@....harvard.edu>

Subject: Dai Nihon Shiryo ghost volume


Earlier this year, an excellent Japanese scholar told me that a precious piece of evidence, of equal interest to him and me, appears in the DaiNihon Shiryo volume covering Shouchou 2 (1429). However, there is no such DNS volume, either at Nichibunken or in the Harvard-Yenching Library. In both libraries, there is a void between Oei 24 and Onin 1. Are those years covered in a DNS series visible only to higher initiates? Did I not look properly? Or did my colleague get something wrong?

Royall Tyler


:

Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 10:53:54 +0000

From: Mikael Adolphson <...a...@....aiej.or.jp>

Subject: Re: Dai Nihon Shiryo ghost volume


Dear Royall,
I haven't checked it myself yet, but I suspect that the Japanese scholar
might have been referring to the hand written compilations. While the
publication effort of the DNS is an ongoing project that might still take
decades, there are hand written "books" at the Shiryouhensanjo that cover
years not yet published. They are not likely to be comprehensive, which is
why the present generation is working so hard to update the records, but I
could check it for you if you have the specific date/month.

Mickey

Mikael Adolphson
Assistant Professor, Japanese History
Harvard University (on sabbatical in Japan until August of 2002)


:

Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 01:11:43 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: Dai Nihon Shiryo ghost volume


Our main library shelves some two hundred forty DNS covering from
Horikaw Ten'nou (r. 1086-1107) to Gomizuo (1611-1629).

In the Shouchou 2 (1429), due to death, the changes of the reign and
Ashikaga Shogunate took place from Shoukou Ten'nou (r.1412-1428) to
Gohanazono Ten'nou (1428-1464), and from 4th Shougun Yoshimochi (1386-1428)
to Yoshinori (excellent waka poet, 1394-1441).

I note from a various types of Nihon Rekishi Jiten that during the eraof
Shouchou 1-2, famine, frequent earthquakes, and above all, "Tokusei
no ikki," a rebel by farmers, commoners, and merchants demanding annulment
of debts, happened in Kyoto and surrounding provinces. It was recorded as
being the very first and largest in scale since the foundation of Japan
("kaibyaku irai saisho no ikki...")

We have two volumes of Shoukou Ten'nou that covers Ouei 19_20
(1403-1404) only, but have none of Shouchou 1-2. The digest version of
DNS, Shiryou Souran, also does not cover this period. I find this rather
odd. Inquiry with Tokyo Daigaku Nihon Rekishi Shiryou Hensanjo, publisher
of DNS and Souran, might help.

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Fri, 7 Dec 2001 12:41:39 -0600

From: Eric Rath <.....@...edu>

Subject: [Mitsui Bunko]


Dear Colleagues,

Does anyone know the address for the Mitsui Bunko? They are said to have a wonderful collection of noh masks formerly belonging to the Kongo family. However, I have not had much luck tracking down where their collection is now. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Sincerely,
Eric C. Rath
Assistant Professor Department of History -- University of Kansas
1445 Jayhawk Blvd, Room 3001
tel. (785) 864-9470 Lawrence KS 66045-7590
fax (785) 864-5046 http://www.clas.ukans.edu/history/




Date: Fri, 07 Dec 2001 19:50:47 -0500

From: Lawrence Marceau <...rc...@...l.Edu>

Subject: Hidden meaning?


I hope that, by quoting Mencius, this will remain within
the bounds of the pmjs discourse. The media has reported
that the names selected for Toshinomiya-naishinnou Aiko, "Ai
(love)" and "Toshi/Kei (reverence)," come from a passage in
the Mencius. The Asahi (online) quoted part of the passage
(Legge translation here), "...The benevolent man loves
others. The man of propriety shows respect to others. He
who loves others is contantly loved by them. He who
respects others is constantly respected by them."

However, the Mencius text continues as follows, "Here is
a man, who treats me in a perverse and unreasonable manner.
The superior man (Ch.=chun-tzu, J.=kunshi) in such a case
will turn round upon himself--'I must have been wanting in
benevolence; I must have been wanting in propriety;--how
should this have happened to me?' He examines himself, and
is specially benevolent. He turns round upon him/herself,
and is specially observant of propriety. The perversity and
unreasonableness of the other, however, are still the same.
The superior man will again turn round on himself--'I must
have been failing to do my utmost.' He turns round upon
himself, and proceeds to do his utmost, but still the
perversity and unreasonableness of the other are repeated.
On this the superior man says, 'This is a man utterly lost
indeed! Since he conducts himself so, what is there to
choose between him and a brute? Why should I go to contend
with a brute?' (pp. 333-34)

One wonders if this expression of the need for serious
self-reflection when wronged might not be a gentle way on
the part of the Crown Prince and Princess, and their
parents, to express their desire for peace and the avoidance
of conflict...

Lawrence Marceau




Date: Sat, 08 Dec 2001 17:23:33 +0900

From: Walter Edwards <...a...@....tenri-u.ac.jp>

Subject: Japanese garden terms dictionary


Members of the PMJS list:

For some time I have been collaborating with a Japanese garden
historian, Ono Kenkichi of the Nara National Cultural Properties
Research Institute, on a project under his leadership to compile a
bilingual dictionary of Japanese garden terms. As a preliminary step, we
have produced a slim volume (titled _Bilingual [Japanese and English]
Dictionary of Japanese Garden Terms_) as the final report on work
conducted under the auspices of a Japanese Ministry of Education
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. We hope eventually to revise and
enlarge this for release from an academic publisher.

We have a limited number of copies of the preliminary work still
available, which we will be happy to distribute to interested parties in
the hope that we can benefit from their corrections, suggestions, etc.

Walter Edwards
Professor and Chair, Department of Japanese Studies
Tenri University, Tenri, Nara 632-8510, Japan
tel 81-743-63-1515 fax 81-743-62-1965
Dept Home Page: http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp/~edwards/



Date: Sat, 08 Dec 2001 16:59:51 -0500

From: Melanie Trede <....@....edu>

Subject: Re: Japanese garden terms dictionary


Dear Walter Edwards,

Your bilingual dictionary on garden terms sounds like a long awaited
vital contribution to the field.
If you still have a spare copy, I would be very interested in obtaining
one. I teach Japanese art and architectural history and as such am of
course very interested in Japanese gardens--and so are our graduate
students.

Sincerely,
melanie trede
assistant professor of fine arts

Institute of Fine Arts
1 East 78th Street
New York, N.Y. 10021



Date: Sat, 8 Dec 2001 19:07:19 -0500

From: Wayne Farris <...r...@....edu>

Subject: DNS


Folks,
Supplementing what Rokuo and Mickey have already written, I'm sure most
historians are aware that Dai Nihon shiryoo is a very incomplete compilation.
For example, the second series begins in 987 and at the last I looked, is
complete only to about 1025. Since the third series begins in 1085, there is
a gap of 65 years. Fortunately, as Rokuo indicated, one can use the Shiryoo
soran to find the general gist and known relevant sources for a particular
entry. Moreover, as Mickey indicates, the Japanese editors for each series
work from a hand-written compilation called Dai Nihon shiryoo koohon, which
may or may not be helpful.
What I would suggest to Tyler is to find out which source the story he
recites is located in. It may be published elsewhere. The standards may be
lower than those used for DNS, but the text may be close. Once you know the
source, then check in Shiryoo soran (which can be a pain since stories may not
be written down until long after they have occurred) for the surrounding
years. Can it be possible, as Rokuo wrote, that there are no entries in
Shiryoo sooran for Shoochoo 2 (or Eikyo 1)? That seems unusual. If the
source is published elsewhere, then you can look there. If unpublished, then
I would rely on Mickey and DNS Koohon, or an unpublished version. But I think
the Shiryoo hensanjo allows scholars to make only hand-copied versions.
For what it's worth.
Regards,
Wayne Farris



Sat, 08 Dec 2001 23:09:00 -0500

From: "Conlan Tom" <...on...@...mail.com>

Subject: Re: DNS


Royall,
You mentioned that the document you are looking for has some connection to Aso shrine. I strongly recommend that you look at the Dainihon komonjo iewake series number 13, which consists of three volumes that reproduce documents pertaining to this very shrine. These volumes are located in every major collection, and are far easier to search than the cumbersome Dainihon shiryo series. Furthermore, they contain documents from years that have yet to be published in the Dainihon shiryo, such as those dating from Shochu 2.

Good luck and best wishes,
Tom Conlan



Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 22:31:26 +0900
From: Janine Beichman <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>
Subject: Yaoya Oshichi

Does anyone know if Valerie Durham pursued or is still pursuing her
research on Yaoya Oshichi's Edo period incarnations, or if anyone else
is working on the topic? In sorting through my books, I just came across
the precis of her presentation on the subject at the Toho Gakkai in
1987, when she was a student at Ochanmizu University. I'd like to see
more on the topic, but don't have any further information on her beyond
her participation in the new book of Kabuki translations that was
mentioned on the list some time back.



Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 10:42:56 -0500

From: Royall Tyler <.....@....harvard.edu>

Subject: Re: DNS


Thank you, Tom. Yes, the Harvard-Yenching Library has those, and I will have a look at them immediately. They sound very promising.
Rokuo: Actually, Shiryo Souran does cover Shouchou 2, except that thatyear is called instead Eikyou 1. (Shouchou 2 lasted only until the 9th month.) However, the entries for the year do not include what I'm after. (Perhaps, as Wayne Farris suggests, I should also look around in later years.)

Royall Tyler



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 07:49:36 +0900

From: janine <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>

Subject: Re: Yaoya Oshichi


Dear Michael, Alan and Leila,

Thank you all for the information needed to contact Valerie. Yes, Alan,
akuba was also mentioned in the precis of her Yaoya Oshichi talk, Valerie
suggesting that Oshichi is a member in good standing of that long line.
Also, thank you for the information about your joint translation of Sannin
Kishisa. I know I have the information about that collection somewhere but
if it's at someone's fingertips might I beg it again?

Janine



From: Greg Pflugfelder <...lqt...@....com>

Date: Sun, 9 Dec 2001 11:02:40 EST [fwd by editor]

Subject: Re: [pmjs] Yaoya Oshichi


Dear Janine:

To the best of my knowledge, Valerie is still working on the topic. Her
e-mail is vdur...@....ac.jp. If you want to meet her in person, she is
scheduled to present on a panel I am chairing ("Gender Rules: Masculinities,
Femininities and Crime in Nineteenth-Century Japan") at AAS in DC. Valerie's
paper title is "Women, Crime, and Punishment in Nineteenth-Century Kabuki."
Prof. Durham teaches at Tokyo Keizai Daigaku, and is one of an number of
wonderful anglophone scholars of Japan whom we in North America tend to know
little about, to our detriment, because they base their research and
publishing activities in Japan. (Adam Kabat, who works on Edo-period
representations of monsters, is another name that comes to mind--is he a
member of this list?)

Megumi Inoue (megum...@...ashington.edu) is also currently writing a doctoral
dissertation on changing literary and dramatic representations of Oshichi
from Edo through Meiji.

Best,

Greg Pflugfelder
Associate Professor of Japanese History
Columbia University
(on leave through August 2002)

gm...@...umbia.edu

42 Oak Forest Place
Santa Rosa, CA
USA 95409

P.S.
Janine--
I just noticed that you are based in Japan yourself. Hope you can makeit to
AAS anyway!



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 11:34:49 +0900

From: janine <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>

Subject: Re: Yaoya Oshichi (fwd)


How wonderful that so much is being done on Oshichi--thank you, Greg!



Date: Sun, 09 Dec 2001 20:43:34 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: DNS


Dr. Tyler:

Thank you, but I knew it. Perhaps I should have mentioned in my previous
posting that the changes in the reign and name of an era took place....

Here is a puzzle I have encountered:
The headnote in Sanari Kentarou's Youkyoku Taikan, V.3 (Meiji
Shoin, 1931, p 1859) which I am sure you are familiar with, says that
according to Shuuyoushou (a dictionary compiled in Nanbokuchou era
[1336-1392]), a Shinto priest Tomonari, a son of Tomoyoshi, lived in the
era of Engi. The Engi (901-923) was under the reign of Daigo Ten'nou (r.
885-930). Our library lacks DNS covering Daigo ten'nou. But Shiryou Souran
v.1 covers Engi 1-8. I cannot find any on Tomonari at my first glance.

Now, Why do you say Takasago was written in 1429? In his Sandou or
Nousakusho dated Ouei 30, Feb/6 (1423), Zeami already listed up Aioi,
another title for Takasago, as one of -kinrai (currently)- popular Routai
Noh (NKBT, V.65 Karonshuu Nougakuronshuu, p480-481).

I made a quick look at Dai Nihon Komonjo, Kusawake, 13, pt 1 & 2, also
Kamakura Ibun, Komonjo-hen, but so far cannot trace any document(s)
concerning Tomonari of Aso Shrine.

The thread seems to be a little entangled now. Does it not?

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 17:33:16 +0900

From: Walter Edwards <...a...@....tenri-u.ac.jp>

Subject: Re: Japanese garden terms dictionary


[To Melanie Trede]
I have received your request for the garden term dictionary, and will be
mailing a copy to you shortly.

Thank you for your interest.

Sincerely,
Walter Edwards

Professor and Chair, Department of Japanese Studies
Tenri University, Tenri, Nara 632-8510, Japan
tel 81-743-63-1515 fax 81-743-62-1965
Dept Home Page: http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp/~edwards/



If you missed yesterday's message, this is reference to Walter Edward's offer to

send copies "to interested parties in the hope that we can benefit from their

corrections, suggestions, etc." Do contact Professor Edwards off list if you are interested.



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 07:50:06 -0500

From: "William Londo" <...@...ealbox.com>

Subject: Huzzah for Michael


A little note concerning a procedural matter that Michael appended to a
recent message reminded me (indirectly) how fortunate we who use this list
are to have it in his capable hands. I am sure the benefits he gains from
looking after it do not begin to match work he puts into keeping it running
so smoothly. So, in this season of good cheer, I'd like to give Michael
three very good cheers.



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:05:07 +0900

From: janine <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>

Subject: Re: Huzzah for Michael


MIchael and all listers, I add my huzzahs and gratitude to William's!
Janine



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 23:13:58 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: new members/profile


Many thanks to Bill Londo and Janine Beichman for their kind words. Best wishes of the season to everyone. / Michael

pmjs welcomes three new members: Katja Triplett, Suzy Styles, and Pedro P. Palazzo de Almeida.
We also have a detailed new profile from Joseph Sorensen, rejoining the listafter a year at Todai.

Katja Triplett <...ipl...@...i.ws>

I graduated from Philipps University, Marburg Germany in 1996 and joined theGerman Institute of Japanese Studies in Tokyo as a stipendee in 1997. I am currently engaged in completing my dissertation on Japaneselegends of human sacrifice, while being an independent researcher with residence in the Boston area. In my dissertation I analyze the ways legends of human sacrifice have been interpreted by Japanese scholars since the Edo-period as to the question of historicity ofa Japanese cult of human sacrifice.

My main fields of interest are mythology with a focus on setsuwa, engimono and otogizooshi; the syncretistic nature of Japanese religion(s); Buddhist iconography and religious art in general; museology and archiving.

Suzy Styles <....@...hpilot.com>

2001 Summer Research Scholarship (Current)
Australian National University
Topic: Kitsune-nyoubo in folk tales and modern pop-culture.

Pedro P. Palazzo de Almeida <...ro_pala...@...oo.com.br>
Student, School of Architecture, University of Maryland

I have begun studying Japanese architecture in 1999, and plan on doing more
consistent research as my proficiency in the Japanese language improves. My
main area of interest is the architecture of the Yayoi, Kofun/Asuka and
Hakuhou periods, especially concerning religious buildings.
Published with Assistant Professor Sandy Kita the _Course Packet for Arts of
Asia_ (Fall 2001 edition).
_Course Packet for Arts of Japan_ (Spring 2002 edition) is in the works,
also in collaboration with same professor.

Joseph Sorensen <.....@...ink4.berkeley.edu>

Ph.D. Candidate in Japanese Literature at U.C. Berkeley. I have
recently returned from a year at the University of Tokyo, and I am
currently writing my dissertation, titled "Optical Allusions: Screens,
Paintings, and Poems in Heian and Kamakura Japan." Previously, my
graduate work focused on Fujiwara no Teika, the Shinkokin period, and
poetry contests. My M.A. thesis was on "Monogatari ni yakuban utaawase"
which compared and contrasted poems from Tale of Genji, Tale of
Sagoromo, and other Heian and Kamakura narratives.






Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 17:33:16 +0900

From: Walter Edwards <...a...@....tenri-u.ac.jp>

Subject: Re: Japanese garden terms dictionary


[To Melanie Trede]
I have received your request for the garden term dictionary, and will be
mailing a copy to you shortly.

Thank you for your interest.

Sincerely,
Walter Edwards

Professor and Chair, Department of Japanese Studies
Tenri University, Tenri, Nara 632-8510, Japan
tel 81-743-63-1515 fax 81-743-62-1965
Dept Home Page: http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp/~edwards/



If you missed yesterday's message, this is reference to Walter Edward'sofferto

send copies "to interested parties in the hope that we can benefit from their

corrections, suggestions, etc." Do contact Professor Edwards off list if you are interested.



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 07:50:06 -0500

From: "William Londo" <...@...ealbox.com>

Subject: Huzzah for Michael


A little note concerning a procedural matter that Michael appended to a
recent message reminded me (indirectly) how fortunate we who use this list
are to have it in his capable hands. I am sure the benefits he gains from
looking after it do not begin to match work he puts into keeping it running
so smoothly. So, in this season of good cheer, I'd like to give Michael
three very good cheers.



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 22:05:07 +0900

From: janine <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>

Subject: Re: Huzzah for Michael


MIchael and all listers, I add my huzzahs and gratitude to William's!
Janine



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 23:13:58 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: new members/profile


Many thanks to Bill Londo and Janine Beichman for their kind words. Best wishes of the season to everyone. / Michael

pmjs welcomes three new members: Katja Triplett, Suzy Styles, and Pedro P. Palazzo de Almeida.
We also have a detailed new profile from Joseph Sorensen, rejoining the listafter a year at Todai.

Katja Triplett <...ipl...@...i.ws>

I graduated from Philipps University, Marburg Germany in 1996 and joined theGerman Institute of Japanese Studies in Tokyo as a stipendee in 1997. I am currently engaged in completing my dissertation on Japaneselegends of human sacrifice, while being an independent researcher with residence in the Boston area. In my dissertation I analyze the ways legends of human sacrifice have been interpreted by Japanese scholars since the Edo-period as to the question of historicity ofa Japanese cult of human sacrifice.

My main fields of interest are mythology with a focus on setsuwa, engimono and otogizooshi; the syncretistic nature of Japanese religion(s); Buddhist iconography and religious art in general; museology and archiving.

Suzy Styles <....@...hpilot.com>

2001 Summer Research Scholarship (Current)
Australian National University
Topic: Kitsune-nyoubo in folk tales and modern pop-culture.

Pedro P. Palazzo de Almeida <...ro_pala...@...oo.com.br>
Student, School of Architecture, University of Maryland

I have begun studying Japanese architecture in 1999, and plan on doing more
consistent research as my proficiency in the Japanese language improves. My
main area of interest is the architecture of the Yayoi, Kofun/Asuka and
Hakuhou periods, especially concerning religious buildings.
Published with Assistant Professor Sandy Kita the _Course Packet for Arts of
Asia_ (Fall 2001 edition).
_Course Packet for Arts of Japan_ (Spring 2002 edition) is in the works,
also in collaboration with same professor.

Joseph Sorensen <.....@...ink4.berkeley.edu>

Ph.D. Candidate in Japanese Literature at U.C. Berkeley. I have
recently returned from a year at the University of Tokyo, and I am
currently writing my dissertation, titled "Optical Allusions: Screens,
Paintings, and Poems in Heian and Kamakura Japan." Previously, my
graduate work focused on Fujiwara no Teika, the Shinkokin period, and
poetry contests. My M.A. thesis was on "Monogatari nihyakuban utaawase"
which compared and contrasted poems from Tale of Genji, Tale of
Sagoromo, and other Heian and Kamakura narratives.



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 10:21:23 -0500

From: Royall Tyler <.....@....harvard.edu>

Subject: Re: Huzzah for Michael


Yes indeed!! Thanks to Michael, pmjs really is what a discussion is supposed to be.

Royall Tyler



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 10:44:35 -0500

From: "EBerlin" <...r...@...jgroup.com>

Subject: Re: Huzzah for Michael


Note from a lurker...

So many discussion lists are plagued by spurious messages, worthless
digressions and other distractions. They never appear here! Thisis surely
a model discussion group...
Elliot Berlin



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 09:53:19 -0600

From: Eric Rath <.....@...edu>

Subject: Mitsui Bunko


Dear Colleagues,

Sorry to send this again, but I am hoping that the correct subject header will help attract a knowledgeable reader.

Does anyone know the address for the Mitsui Bunko? They are said to have a wonderful collection of noh masks formerly belonging to the Kongo family. However, I have not had much luck tracking down where their collection is now. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Sincerely,

Eric Rath
Assistant Professor Department of History -- University of Kansas
1445 Jayhawk Blvd, Room 3001
tel. (785) 864-9470 Lawrence KS 66045-7590
fax (785) 864-5046 http://www.clas.ukans.edu/history/




Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 07:17:56 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: Huzzah for Michael


Professor Watson, THE Webmaster:

Moi aussi!

Professor Watson has even taught me a good manner for posting my messages
to the website. Above all, through pmjs, I have been tremendously
'enjoying' browsing the shelves at the library for research.

Kongo tomo yoroshiku go-shidou o-negai itashimasu.

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 02:27:33 +0900

From: "Kazuko Suzuki" <...k-...@...hi-net.or.jp>

Subject: Re: Mitsui Bunko


Sorry I don't know where you can see the noh masks Kongo family used to
have. But the address of the Mitsui Bunko is:

5-16-1 Kami-takada, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-0002
Tel 03-3387-2211

A website on the museum is:

http://www.inc-wao.net/~uchida/migi/bijutukan/mitui.html (in Japanese)

 

If you like to see some noh masks, try the following website. It is a site
in Japanese, but you'll be able to see 17 masks there.

http://www.ceres.dti.ne.jp/~data-pro/iriguchi/tenji/nohmen.html#pagetop

Regards, Kazuko

********************
Kazuko Suzuki
Mailto: ph8k-...@...hi-net.or.jp
Website: http://www.ne.jp/asahi/ksuzuki/jomon/
(An English website on Japan's prehistoric period --- theJomon Period)



Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 02:47:56 +0900

From: "Kazuko Suzuki" <...k-...@...hi-net.or.jp>

Subject: Re: Mitsui Bunko


Good evening again.

I came across a piece of information about the noh masks belonging to the
Kongo Family, when surfing through the internet.

There's a book with the pictures of their noh masks.

-Kongo-ke no Men:Kongo-ryu 26 Sei Souke Keishou Kinen- (Tokyo:Tamagawa
Daigaku
Shuppanbu, 2000)

I'm sure it includes the information about when and where they are
exhibited, or whether you can see them or not.

Kazuko Suzuki



Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 16:51:43 -0700

From: "Noel John Pinnington" <.....@...rizona.edu>

Subject: Re: Mitsui Bunko


There is the Mitsui Bunko and the Mitsui Bunko Bekkan. The first is well
described in the Nakano-ku page:
http://www.city.nakano.tokyo.jp/nag007.html
and may have restricted entry. It includes about fifty Kongo No masks. The
second is for popular consumption: and is next door, as far as I can make
out. See:
http://www.wnn.or.jp/wnn-tokyo/collection/sanpo/mitui.html
Both these supply addresses and directions from Arai Yakushi Mae on the
Seibu Shinjuku Sen.
Noel Pinnington



From: Monica Bethe <......@...oo.com>

Subject: Re: Huzzah for Michael


I, too, add my admiration and heart-felt thanks.
Monica Bethe



Date: Tue, 11 Dec 2001 16:10:17 -0500

From: wfarris <...r...@....edu>

Subject: The wave for Michael!


Michael,
Forgive the phraseology of a St.Louis Cardinals' fan, but you are the
Mark McGwire of list managers--out of sight! (Apologies to Barry Bonds.)
Regards,
Wayne Farris



Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 08:31:37 +0000

From: "Jordi Escurriola" <......@...mail.com>

Subject: (No subject)


I too join the "wave" for Michael!

Jordi



Many thanks to everyone for their messages of support, both on list and off.

Now back to work, please! (Michael)




Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 09:41:10 -0500

From: "Amanda Stinchecum" <...nd...@...thlink.net>

Subject: Re: technology


Can anyone tell me how to open files received through email with the suffix
".php"? I use Windows 2000. This file has a pictorial element--maybe a
photo and maybe graphics, but it seems to me I have also received Japanese
files with this suffix that I could not open, and which were only text.

Amanda Stinchecum



Wed, 12 Dec 2001 16:36:31 -0500

From: "Pedro P. Palazzo de Almeida" <...ro_pala...@...oo.com.br>

Subject: Re: technology


.php is a web page extension, generally one with "bells and whistles"where
the plain ol' .html is not powerful enough. It then all depends on whether
your operating system or web browser can recognise this as a valid web page
encoding. Try saving it to your hard drive first, then opening it. If that
does not work, right-click and select "associate...", choose your web
browser and try opening it again.

--
"Der Zeit ihre Kunst
Der Kunst ihre Freiheit"



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 01:27:46 +0000

From: "Michael Wachutka" <...haelwachu...@...mail.com>

Subject: Re: technology (*.php)


To match file extensions with its program one should look at
<...p://extsearch.com/>http://extsearch.com/ A"File Extension Search Engine" that lists more than 2180 extensions.

The query "php" results in:

* PHP is a server-side, cross-platform, HTML embedded scripting language.
<...p://www.php.net>http://www.php.net

On the indicated homepage you can find more information on "php"-files

Hope it helps!
Michael Wachutka



Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2001 21:05:43 -0800

From: "Dix Monika" <...ika...@...mail.com>

Subject: AAS Roommate Needed


Dear PMJS members,
Although I realize that it might already be too late for this, I was wondering if anybody (preferably a non-smoking female) would be interestedin sharing the hotel room with me in Washington.
Your help would be much appreciated.

Season's Greetings,

Monika Dix



ate: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 03:55:58 -0500

From: "Lewis Cook" <.....@...centric.net>

Subject: Re: AAS Roommate Needed


Dear PMJS members,

I, too, would like to find someone interested in sharing a hotel /
motel room for the Washington AAS conference. Preferably (I guess) a
non-smoking male or two. I don't plan to stay in that expensive hotel
that is the conference venue, hoping to find something more modest.
Thanks for the idea, Monika. (And if neither of us gets any more
suitable offers, please don't rule me out. I can be pretty innocuous
without much effort.)

Lewis Cook



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 08:28:02 -0500

From: "EBerlin" <...r...@...jgroup.com>

Subject: Re: AAS Roommate Needed


Can someone tell me when the conference is? Although I'm not attending I
live in DC and may be able to provide lodging for one or two people if they
wouldn't mind a basement sofabed.
Elliot Berlin



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 08:52:06 -0500

From: "William Londo" <...@...ealbox.com>

Subject: hotels at AAS


Those looking to beat the high cost of lodging in DC might check out
http://www.hoteldiscount.com The only caveat is that bookings must be
prepaid and there is a charge if you cancel. I also found some promising
looking places in the hotel section of http://www.orbitz.com The virtue of
Orbitz is that you can search for hotels by address near the conference
venue. The address of the venue is 2660 Woodley Rd Nw, by the way. It looked
to me like there were places within walking distance of the venue that were
significantly cheaper than the $179 the Marriot charges. By the way, any
chance we could organize some kind of PMJS confab at AAS? It would be nice
to meet some of the people behind the postings.



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 23:26:45 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: Shigeta Sadakatsu


Andrey Fesyun on this list has an interesting historical puzzle for us.

Dear colleagues,

Does anybody know the name "Shigeta Sadakatsu"? He seems to be a writer (playwriter?) with somehow extravagant behaviour. Here is theonly reference of him I have:

"THEATRICAL RECORD
The Year 1831 must remain forever in our memories: in that time the famous Japanese writer Shigeta Sadakatsu broke all records of theatrical representations. Being brought to the cremation place in a shape, in which, according to his will, the Last Guest must meet him, Sadakatsu, at the first touch of the flames showed an unusual sight: lights of different colours flew from the coffin, and soon it turned tosparkling fireworks. What should we say about the fascination of his friends at this unexpected sight, for which the late writer prepared himself during the last minutes of his existence? What to say about our admiration for that unbending drive to the theatre?
Oh, Shigeta Sadakatsu, you will be never forgotten!"

in: N.Yevreiniv. "Theatre as it is", S.-Petersburg, 1912

Thank you in advance,

Andrey Fesyun <....@...l.tcnet.ru>



Date: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 13:39:38 -0600

From: Eric Rath <.....@...edu>

Subject: Re: Fw: Mitsui Bunko


Thank you Kazuko Suzuki and Professor Mack Horton for help in tracking down the elusive Mitsui Bunko.

Sincerely,

Eric Rath



Omitted: posting concerning Yoshiyuki Junnosuke, in answer to a question sent to the Japanese literature list (jlit-l) /ed



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 09:57:19 -0500

From: Barbara Nostrand <...tr...@....org>

Subject: Re: AAS Roommate Needed


I am confused. Isn't the AAS meeting in April? I'm thinking of going and
don't smoke. What I don't really know is what my schedule is going to be
like in April. Will there be a pre-modern Japanese track?

Best Wishes
Barbara Nostrand



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 07:51:40 -0800

From: "stephen d. miller" <...l...@...t.colorado.edu>

Subject: hotels, confab etc.


I'd like to second William Londo's call for a "confab" of PMJSer's at the AAS.
I myself have never stayed there, but I was told abouta nice place near Dupont Circle (one subway stop away from the conference venue) called the Tabard Inn. The price is approximately $70/night and it's located on N. Street. I'm sorry I don'thave any other info than that.
An AAS panel of interest to those on this list, I hope: I'm chairing a discussion panel entitled "Interdisciplinary Issues in Teaching Pre-Modern Japanese: Languages, Texts, Metalanguages." The panelists are Joshua Mostow, Mack Horton, Charlie Quinn, and Paul Warnick, with Edith Sarra and Shoichi Iwasaki serving as discussion leaders. The panel is an attempt to discuss issues of teaching bungo at our universities from both a literary and linguistic point of view (not that theremight not be several other "views" as well!). This is the second meeting of the bungo special interest group of the ATJ and is part of an ongoing effort to rehaul our pedagogy. Ihope you'll all attend.
Stephen Miller
P.S. If you'd like to put on an e-mail list for the bungo special interest group, please send me a message off list and I'll be happy to add you.



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 12:23:25 -0600 (CST)

From: Carol Tsang <......@....edu>

Subject: Re: hotels, confab etc.


The Tabard Inn is quite a small facility, and not all the rooms are as
inexpensive as $70/night, but some are. It's cheaper than that, I think,
if people share a double. It's an unusual place--a little bit shabby, but
in a clean, exotic kind of way. The bar is a big favorite for young DC
conservatives. (Local color.) It's two or three blocks from Dupont Circle.
There are no TVs in the rooms, or at least in the ones where I've stayed,
and I can't quite remember if there are phones.

The dining room serves breakfast. (One note: they have grits on the menu,
but the kitchen staff doesn't always feel like cooking it--in which case,
they'll say there isn't any. Enlist the server's help.)

Carol Tsang



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 11:08:18 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: Shigeta Sadakazu aka Jippensha Ikku


Andrey Fesyun:

The name in question should correctly read Shigeta Sadakazu (1765-1831),
not Sadakatsu, better known by his pen-name of Jippensha Ikku, Japan's
greatest comic novelist.

His kokkei-bon (comic book) with illustrations _Tookaidouchuu Hizakurige
(1802)- was translated by Thomas Satchell (1867-?) into English under
the title of _Shank's Mare- and published by Tuttle Publishing in 1960.

Tuttle published the new 2001 edition, in which Satchel writes Life of
Ikku Jippensha (p13-16) reading in part:

The tradition that Ikku was a great practical joker, which
obtained even when he was still alive, is not substantiated.
Stories were told how....; how hehad startled the mourners at his
funeral by concealing fireworks in his death-robes, which exploded
when the body was burned. This last story, of course, was not told
till after his death, but the apocryphal nature of all the stories
is shown by the fact that theywere well-known jokes in the books of
humour before the time of Ikku....

I believe that most of college libraries keep the Tuttle's 1960 edition
of _Shank's Mare_ as our library does.

Although Iwanami's _Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten V.3- reads as Shigeta
Sadakatsu as his common name under the entry of Jippensha Ikku (p216), but
Shinchosha's _Nihon Bungaku Daijiten, V.3_ p.413-415 reads Sadakazu. From
the Kanji orthography I go with Satchell and Shinchosha.

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 09:09:21 +0900

From: Janine Beichman <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>

Subject: Re: Shigeta Sadakats


Did that funeral take place in Russia? Is "Theatre as it is" a book, or a
periodical? Is the narrator of the paragraph N. Yevereiniv or is he quoting
someone else?

Michael Watson wrote:

Andrey Fesyun on this list has an interesting historical puzzle for us.

Dear colleagues,

Does anybody know the name "Shigeta Sadakatsu"? He seems to be a writer
(playwriter?) with somehow extravagant behaviour. Here is the only
reference of him I have:

"THEATRICAL RECORD
The Year 1831 must remain forever in our memories: in that time the famous
Japanese writer Shigeta Sadakatsu broke all records of theatrical
representations. Being brought to the cremation place in a shape, in which,
according to his will, the Last Guest must meet him, Sadakatsu, at the
first touch of the flames showed an unusual sight: lights of different
colours flew from the coffin, and soon it turned to sparkling fireworks.
What should we say about the fascination of his friends at this unexpected
sight, for which the late writer prepared himself during the last minutes
of his existence? What to say about our admiration for that unbending drive
to the theatre?
Oh, Shigeta Sadakatsu, you will be never forgotten!"

in: N.Yevreiniv. "Theatre as it is", S.-Petersburg, 1912

Thank you in advance,

Andrey Fesyun <....@...l.tcnet.ru>



Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 00:24:15 +0000

From: Alan Cummings <...mi...@...hiro.demon.co.uk>

Subject: Re: Shigeta Sadakazu aka Jippensha Ikku


Famously, the kabuki playwright Tsuruya Nanboku, who died two years
before Jippensha Ikku, was supposed to have scripted and "produced"his
own funeral. The short skit, entitled _Shide no Kadomatsu Gomanzai_ was
in Nanboku's trademark grotesque comic style, and copies of it were
printed up and handed out to the mourners.

Was there perhaps a craze for humorous funerals in the 1820s and 1830s?
From what i remember, Ikku's death poem was written in the style of a
punning kyoka as well...

Alan Cummings



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 19:45:42 -0500

From: Lawrence Marceau <...rc...@...l.Edu>

To: Multiple recipients of pmjs <....@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: Jippensha Ikku


This may seem trivial to some, but it is still a matter of making sure what
the facts are before making statements. According to Kyokutei Bakin's original
manuscript _Kinsei mono no hon Edo sakusha burui_ (1833-34), Ikku's given name
is glossed "Sadakatsu," even though the characters are ÅuíÂàÍÅv, usually read
"Sadakazu" or "Teiichi". I doubt Bakin would have been mistaken in this
respect.

Lawrence Marceau



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 20:13:28 -0500

From: Lawrence Marceau <...rc...@...l.Edu>

Subject: Re: Shigeta Sadakazu aka Jippensha Ikku


The haikai poet Kagami Shikou and the bunjin polymath Shiba Koukan both faked
announcements of their own deaths, and then proceeded to attend their own funerals
in order to hear what people might say about them. These were both
eighteenth-century events, though.

Lawrence Marceau



Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 13:37:50 +0900

From: janine <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>

Subject: Re: Shigeta Sadakats


Thanks for clearing it up, Rokuo--my questions are now unnecessary.



Date: Thu, 13 Dec 2001 21:56:54 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: Jippensha Ikku


In Edo period, the manuscripts in the popular literature written in
often cursive hiragana only WITHOUT 'dakuten', i.e. 'unvoiced' sound.
Thus, -....katsu - should read -....kazu -.

Two or three decades ago, there was a handsome movie and stage actor named
Hasegawa Kazuo: He writes kazuo as 'ichi and fu (otto)' in Kanji.

I doubt any linguists in Japanese would disagree with me.

Season's Greetings with Aloha
Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 00:13:03 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: Shigeta Sadakats


Please do allow me to post one more message on the subject:

I seriously doubt Professor Marceau actually has read/seen the original
manuscript of Kyokutei Bakin's _Kinsei mono no hon Edo sakusha burui_
(1833-34), but assume that he was merely referring to Kaisetsu in
Tokaidouchuu HizaKurige_ NKBZ V.49, p3.

Instead of 'Juubako no sumi o youji de hojiru' (To pick the corners of a
square box with a toothpick, meaning 'To cut a hair,' would not the PMJS
members...umm...more appreciate discussions on, say, history and criticism
on Japanese wit, satiric humor, and parody in pre-modern Japanese literature,
e.g., _Gesakuron (Chuou kouron, 1982) by Nakamura Yukihiko (1911-?)? As
you know, the J-Lit members have been discussing on Parody in Modern Japanese
Literature online now.

Alan Cummings:

I cannot so far locate Ikku's death poem in Japanese, but here is the last
para. (p16) of Chapter Life of Ikku Jippensha in the Tuttle's 2001 edition
of _Shank's Mare: A translation of the TOKAIDO volumes of HIZAKURIGE,
Japan's great comic novel of travel & ribaldry by IKKU JIPPENSHA
(1765-1831_ Faithfully translated into English by THOMAS SATCHELL_ (Title
page):
Quote
The ashes of Ikku were buried in theZenryu Temple at Asakusa,
Tokyo, and a tombstones erected bearing the Buddhist name given him after
death of 'Shingetsuin Ikku Nikkokoji.' Three years later his family and
friends erected a monument to him in the precincts of the Chomei Temple,
Mukojima. On the face of the monument appears the well-known comic crest
or seal (reproduced on the title page) which Ikku adopted, in the shape of
a bamboo-rake with the first character of his personal name ('Sadakazu')
inscribed in a circle, and above this an inscription an poem, which may be
freely rendered :--

However novel and interesting things may appear at first,
when they become common they lose their interest; but things of
which people never tire are a bright moonlight night and dinner,
to which may be added a book and sake:

My allotted span of life has passed,
Oh, give me peace and rest at last!
Unquote

Rokuo Tanaka



Date: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 06:43:20 -0500

From: "Lewis Cook" <.....@...centric.net>

Subject: Re: Shigeta Sadakats


Dear Mr. Tanaka:

I seriously doubt whether you have any business speculating on
what Lawrence Marceau may or may not have actually read. Please
restrain yourself to doubting, on this list, at least, things of which
you may or may not have reliable knowledge.
A sharp rap on the knuckles for you.

Netiquettely yours,
Lewis Cook



Date: Sun, 16 Dec 2001 12:22:02 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: list announcements / new members


Thank you all for messages of support, public and private!
First some announcements, then profiles for new members:
Lili Selden, Sandra Jacobs, and Don Druick

In the busy flurry of messages last week, there were more than an average number of messages sent in error--including one of my own, a "daily digest" sent out inadvertently to everyone.

This mailing list works like most others. Don't click "reply"if you want to answer off-list a message. Your message will goout to everyone. If you want to reply privately, please make a new message, copying that person's address into the *To:* line.

Digest subscribers should open a fresh new message if writing to the list at
p...@...eijigakuin.ac.jp

Out of a total of 337 subscribers, 81 of you take the "daily"and 13 the "weekly" digest.

New addresses of pmjs members;
David Lurie <.....@...umbia.edu>
Joseph T. Sorensen <...aw...@...ink.berkeley.edu>

Profiles of new members Lili Selden, Sandra Jacobs, and Don Druick.

Lili Selden <...de...@...edu>

Assistant Professor of Japanese literature, Dept. of East Asian
Languages and Literatures, University of Notre Dame

Dissertation title: "Discourses of Desire and Female Resistance in _The
Tale of Genji_"

Areas of special interest:
Production, consumption, and patronage of visual and literary arts in
Japan
Censorship and revisionism in Edo, Meiji, and twentieth-century
historical and literary texts
Narrative voice, subject position, and perspective in Japanese
literature and cinema

Sandra Jacobs <...s...@...com.com>
Sandra Jacobs of Santa Barbara, California. My primary areas of
interest are Heian culture and gender studies, Japanese folklore and
mythology, and Japanese art.

Don Druick <....@...den.net>

I am an independent culture worker and a playwright; I live in a small farm
village, 100 km west of Toronto, Canada. A lifetime of independent research
into premodern Japanese culture has touched upon many disparate topics;
major threads in my work have included the presentational dramaturgy of the
kabuki playwrights Kawatake Mokuami and Tsuruya Namboku IV; and the dramatic
function of the nohkan ashirai repertoire. I am currently considering a
play about the great yose performer, Sanyutei Encho.

Relevant publications:
-- THE GREAT KANTO EARTHQUAKE OF 1923, in The BC Monthly (1978)
-- MUSIC FROM DUN-HUANG, in Descant (Fall 1990, volume 21 number 03)
-- WHERE IS KABUKI?, Playwrights Canada Press (Toronto 1991)
-- MUENBOTOKE, in Canadian Theatre Review (Winter 1995, number 85)




Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 13:28:04 -0500

From: Katja Triplett <...ipl...@...i.ws>

Subject: human sacrifice


Dear fellow subscribers,

I am doctoral candidate of Philipps-Universitaet Marburg, Germany and
just recently joined this list.
I'm currently completing research for my dissertation on Japanese
legends about human sacrifice. The first part of the thesis is an
edition with translation (into German) of the otogizoushi "Sayohime".
This particular version, an excellent example of a legend about human
sacrifice, is the text of a Nara ehon (Kanbun era) belonging to the
Voretzsch Collection, Museum for Applied Art Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
In the second part of the thesis I analyze the history of
interpretation of legends about human sacrifice since the Edo period
with special regard to the (Matsura) Sayohime legends.

I have two inquiries about human sacrifice and self-sacrifice in the
Japanese culture that I hope may inspire a new thread of discussion.

1. In the late 1920s the discussion about human sacrifice not only as
an important motif of myths and legends but as an *actual practice*
in Japan was spurred when the remains of 21 skeletons were found in
the foundation of Edo Castle during reconstruction of one of the
buildings (the Nijuu yagura) in 1925. The upright position of the
bodies and the fact that old Chinese coins were found resting on
heads and shoulders suggest that those 21 people were offered as a
"foundation sacrifice" (hitobashira) when the yagura was erected by
Shogun Iemitsu.

I have only found a collection of contemporary newspaper articles and
articles by different scholars about the gruesome find in a special
edition of Chuuou shidan titled "Shourui gisei kenkyuu" (1925). I
know that 16 of skeletons were buried as heroic victims of an
accident during the original construction of the yagura, with great
ceremony at Zoujouji in Tokyo. After that, five more skeletons were
found at Edo Castle.

Does anyone know what happened to those five skeletons?

Does anyone have any more information on these finds?

2. My second inquiry relates to the tradition of *religious*
self-sacrifice in Japan. I am still looking for recent publications
on legends and the practice of Fudaraku tokai, self-mumification and
ritual self-immolation at the death of one's lord (junshi). Any help
in this regard would be greatly appreciated.

Best wishes,

Katja Triplett

--
Katja Triplett, MA

FG Religionswissenschaft
Philipps-Universitaet Marburg
Landgraf-Philipp-Strasse 4
35032 Marburg, Germany



Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 13:07:59 -0800

From: "Luke S. Roberts" <...er...@...tory.ucsb.edu>

Subject: Re: human sacrifice


With regard to junshi (samurai following their lords to the grave) there
is a great book by Yamamoto Hirofumi called _Junshi no Kouzou_ (1994
Koubundou) which focuses solely on this topic. In English Eiko Ikegami
deals with the topic briefly but nicely on pp. 218-222 in her book _The
Taming of the Samurai_ (1995, Harvard)
I do not know much or anything about most of the other topics
besides the odd reference to hitobashira legends. I did not clearly
understand your comments about the Edo castle skeletons. Are the 21 all
supposed to be "sacrifices," or are at least 16 of these 21 supposed to
be accident victims given an honorable burial (presumably as protective
deities) in the castle with related services being held at Zojouji?
Perhaps of course such accident victims may have been seen in their day
as sacrifices claimed by a supernatiural being connected with the site.
Also, not exactly what you asked for, but likely of relevance to
your interests would be an article about peasant martyrs and their
deification by Anne Walthall, "Japanese Gimin: Peasant Martyrs in
Popular Memory" pp. 1076-1102 in _The American Historical Review_ Vol.
91, no. 5 (Dec. 1986).
Yours, Luke Roberts




Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 20:12:34 -0700

From: wordfield <...dfi...@....net>

Subject: Re: self-mummification


Dear Katja,

I know very little about this topic, except that
there are reports of self-mummification in the
region of Dewa (modern Yamagata), in some
connection perhaps with either Buddhist or
Yamabushi practices there. I believe I've seen
reports of self-mummification as recently as the
1930s, perhaps even post-WWII. I cannot recall
anything more about this than that the report I
read was in a newspaper or magazine
(English-language), sometime during the last 5-7
years.

My understanding is that the subjects were
voluntarily buried with a straw or straws
providing breathing air and access to foods, very
limited and including herbs that helped prepare
the body for preservation. I don't remember more
than this.

Perhaps others will know what this is all about,
and where authoritative materials on same might be
found.

Good luck
Bill Higginson




Date: Mon, 17 Dec 2001 17:24:11 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: human sacrifice


To Katja:

Re 'Junshi,' Nogi Maresuke (1849-1912 [Taishou 1.9.13]), son of a samurai
(Choufu province), Army General who fought Sino-Japan and Russo-Japan
wars, later Headmaster of Gakushiuin (Peers' School) and taught
Prince Hirohito (later Emperor Showa) did 'junshi [harakiri]' together
with his wife, Shizuko, on the funeral day of Emperor Meiji (1852-1912).
(from Iwanami Nihonshi Jiten, 1999, p923)

'Nogi Taishou no junshi' was beatified during pre- and WWII, and I
beleive it was included in the text book for moral for children.

Nogi Shrine, him as a deity, is located in Roppongi area in Tokyo.

You may look for some biography on him (sorry I have not read any).

Season's Greetings
Rokuo Tanaka




Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 14:53:10 -0800

From: Adriana Boscaro <...c...@...ve.it>

To: Multiple recipients of pmjs <....@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: Re: self-mummification


Katja Triplett wrote:
2. My second inquiry relates to the tradition of *religious*
self-sacrifice in Japan. I am still looking for recent publications
on legends and the practice of Fudaraku tokai, self-mumification and
ritual self-immolation at the death of one's lord (junshi). Any help
> in this regard would be greatly appreciated.

If you can read Italian, I suggest the following:
Massimo RAVERI, _Il corpo e il Paradiso. Esperienze ascetiche in Asia orientale_, Venezia, Marsilio, 1992, 238 pp. which deals with "miira".
Best, Adriana Boscaro
--
*********************************************
Adriana Boscaro
Dipartimento di Studi sull'Asia Orientale
Universita' Ca' Foscari
Ca' Cappello, San Polo 2035
30125 VENEZIA (Italy)
tel. +39.041.234.8842
fax +39.041.52.42.397
e-mail: bosc...@...ve.it



Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 14:17:52 -0500

From: Jacqueline Stone <......@...nceton.EDU>

Subject: Re: human sacrifice


Dear Katja,

On self-mummification, see HORI Ichirou, "Self-Mummified Buddhas in
Japan: An Aspect of the Shugendou ("Mountain Asceticism") sect,"In
History of Religion 1/2 (Winter 1962): 222-242.

On self-immolation in the Heian period generally, see YOSHIDA Yasuo,
Nihon kodai no bosatsu to minshuu (Yoshikawa Koubunkan 1985). Chap. 2 of
his book deals with the practice of "discarding the body" (shashingyou).
There are also chapters on "danjiki" (fasting) and "keshin"
(auto-cremation) in YAMAORI Tetsuo's Nihon Bukkyou shisou ron josetu
(San'ichi Shobou 1973).

David Max Moerman of Barnard College in New York is working on Fudaraku
tokai, and you may want to contact him. Elizabeth ten Grotenhuis
addresses the topic briefly in her recent book on Japanese mandalas,
published by University of Hawaii Press (sorry, I don't have it to hand
at the moment, so I can't give you the exact title).

In Japanese, you can refer to the chapter on "Fudaraku watari no
hitobito" in MASUDA Katsumi, Kazan rettou no shisou (Chikuna Shobou
1993), and the chapter on "Fudaraku tokai" in TOYOSHIMA Osamu, Shino
kuni: Kumano (Koudansha 1992).

I'm sure you know the reference in Tale of the Heike (maki 6?) toTaira
no Kiyomori's decision not to use a hitobashira in his construction of
the artifical island Kyou-no-shima at Fukuhara, but instead to use stones
inscribed with Buddhist texts.

A fascinating topic, but a huge one! Best wishes,
--Jackie Stone



Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 14:25:50 -0500

From: Katja Triplett <...ipl...@...i.ws>

Subject: sacrifice at Edojou


Thank you very much to all who responded to my inquiries so far!

In response to Luke who wrote:

I did not clearly
understand your comments about the Edo castle skeletons. Are the 21 all
supposed to be "sacrifices," or are at least 16 of these 21 supposed to
be accident victims given an honorable burial (presumably as protective
deities) in the castle with related services being held at Zojouji?

The first skeletons were discovered by construction workers in June 1925. OnJuly 2 the remains of the 16 individuals found until that date wereinterred at Zoujouji. By July 25 the archaeological excavation by leading scholars of the then Imperial University Tokyo and the Kunaichou was completed. But between July 2 and 25 the skeletons of fivemore individuals were found. I have no record about the fate of those five. They might have been buried in a graveyard as well, or they might have been kept by the university or research institute for further examination.

Perhaps of course such accident victims may have been seen in their day
as sacrifices claimed by a supernatural being connected with the site.

I extracted four theories about the shocking find - that include all 21individuals found in the foundation of the castle - from the newspaper and scholarly articles in the special edition "Shourui gisei nokenkyuu" (1925). Your thought, I think, corresponds to no. 1.

1. The 21 people were construction workers who died in an accident while working on erecting a castle building (tamon-yagura) taken from aslainenemy. The building was moved by Iemitsu to Edo. The questionis whythe bodies were left under the castle of the most powerful man in Japan since bodies are regarded as defiling. Kida Sadakichi (historian, minister of the Kunaichou) emphasizes in his article in "Shourui" that the coins served to purify the bodies. The victims were then regarded by the castle builders as martyrs.

2. There may have been an old graveyard on the site where the yagura was erected. This theory is unlikely because the 21 people were probably buried alive and there is no trace of coffins or tomb stones.

3. The 21 were faithful retainers of the Shogun who sacrificed themselves (in a secret ritual) to help guard the castle.

4. The 21 were victims of a cruel hitobashira ritual that was performedsecretly by following what was known from hitobashira legends. Minakata Kumagusu, who published an article in the Osaka mainichi in June 1925 in response to the discovery of the bones and coins, among others thought this to be the case.

The Kunaichou seemed to have strongly supported the martyr theory, since proof or support for the hitobashira theory would have embarrassed theyoung nation indeed.
I was wondering whether the find was perhaps re-examined with modern research methods to reveal what really happened to the 21 people. There must be quite a bit of material, photos etc. But maybe it is alllocked up somewhere as "sensitive material" for good...

Katja



Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 13:32:34 -0800

From: William Bodiford <...if...@...a.edu>

Subject: Re: human sacrifice


Thanks Jackie for a great list of references. Here is one more:

Earhart, H. Byron. "Ishikozume: Ritual Execution in Japanese Religions,
especially in Shugendo," Numen 13/2 (1966): 116--27.

.........William Bodiford



Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 17:21:04 -0500

From: Barbara Nostrand <...tr...@....org>

Subject: Re: self-mummification


Maybe you read about it in "Supernatural Japan" which is a
popular book published in English.

Bill Higginson wrote
I know very little about this topic, except that
there are reports of self-mummification in the
region of Dewa (modern Yamagata), in some
connection perhaps with either Buddhist or
Yamabushi practices there. I believe I've seen
reports of self-mummification as recently as the
1930s, perhaps even post-WWII. I cannot recall
anything more about this than that the report I
read was in a newspaper or magazine
(English-language), sometime during the last 5-7 years.

 

There is a long history of following in death (Junshi) of either
the voluntary or involuntary sort going back to the Nihongi. However,
do these really qualify as human sacrifice? Weren't the involuntary
ones generally interred in the misasagi as post-mortem servants?
This archetype of service may be reflected in such things as the
junshi of Admr. Nogi. The thinking seems to be rather different
from what goes on in a "sacrifice" which generally takes either of
two forms. 1) Propitiation. Here we have the various "sin offerings"
of the Jerusalem temple. 2) Nurturing. If I recall correctly, the
Gilgamesh recounts the feeding of the gods. Regardless, we can see
this principle in action in the various food offerings in Japan.
Both archetypes appear in the Torah where the God of Israel is at
one time seen savoring the aroma of the food offerings while at
the same time demanding a variety of "sin offerings."

While the nurturing offerings are quite prominent in Japanese society,
the propitiatory offerings seem to be largely absent. Rather there
seems to be a greater reliance upon entertainments (matsuri) to cheer
the gods. Often these entertainments are theatrical or at least mimetic
in nature. Doesn't Kominz discuss this in Avatars of Vengence with
respect to the Soga brothers and their postmortem careers as arabitogami?
Essentially, the boogie man gets exorcised by theatrically recalling
its career instead of killing things for it.

As for auto-interment the possibly fictitious Edo period Buddhist temple
which was killing its clients in a large lotus flower, Chinese accounts
of monks setting their heads on fire, &c. These appear to rather being
excessive versions of asceticism rather than a true sacrificial cult.

Thankyou for reminding me of the hitobashira. This appears to appears to
an example of some sort of sympathetic magic. Perhaps this works as a
class of sacrifice all by itself. Does anyone have a well worked out
taxonomy of sacrifice? I think that one is in order.




Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 15:55:36 -0700

From: "Noel John Pinnington" <.....@...rizona.edu>

Subject: Re: human sacrifice


On Fudaraku Tokai, I came across a fairly brief discussion by Susan Tyler,
in "Paradise at Kasuga" in Ian Nish, ed. Contemporary European Writing on
Japan, Paul Norbury Publications, 1988. She discusses how "crossing thesea"
was an established Buddhist metaphor for getting from sansara to nirvana.
The Japanese however sought to collapse the distinctions between such
spiritual metaphors, all to do with the identity between the world of
illusion and enlightenment, I suspect. In any case she mentions the temple
by the sea near the Nachi waterfall at Kumano from where the priests on
retirement were nailed up in a boat and sent off across the ocean to their
deaths. I was rather struck by Tyler's comparison with stone boats found in
Zen temples.
I visited the temple (Fudarakuji) about ten years ago, and met the priest
whose ancestors were sent off in the boats. He showed us a vast timber from
one of the boats that is on display in the temple, and was very willing to
talk about the tradition. He said something about the boats drifting onto an
island a short way out to sea, where the inhabitants secretly let the
priests out.
I am sure that you are aware of it, but just in case, there is a study of
Fudaraku Tokai by Inoue Yasushi: in the collection: Tempyo no Iraka (ta)
Fudarakutokaiki, Obunsha, 1968, and also a story by Nakagami Kenji, called
Fudaraku, published in Jukyusai no Chizu, Kawade Bunko, 1981.
Noel Pinnington



Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 13:52:32 -1000 (HST)

From: Rokuo Tanaka <.....@...aii.edu>

Subject: Re: human sacrifice


The full title is: -Japanese mandalas:representations of sacred geography_
Univ. of Hawaii Press, 1999.

Rokuo Tanaka

On Tue, 18 Dec 2001, Jacqueline Stone wrote:
Elizabeth ten Grotenhuis addresses the topic briefly in her recent book
on Japanese mandalas, published by University of Hawaii Press (sorry,
I don't have it to hand at the moment, so I can't give you the exact title).



Date: Wed, 19 Dec 2001 15:41:03 -0500

From: Katja Triplett <...ipl...@...i.ws>

Subject: definition human sacrifice


First of all, thank you for all the valuable information regarding publications on the practices of ritual self-sacrifice! I'm getting right towork.

In response to Barbara Nostrand who wrote:

There is a long history of following in death (Junshi) of either
the voluntary or involuntary sort going back to the Nihongi. However,
do these really qualify as human sacrifice? Weren't the involuntary
ones generally interred in the misasagi as post-mortem servants?
This archetype of service may be reflected in such things as the
junshi of Admr. Nogi. The thinking seems to be rather different
from what goes on in a "sacrifice" which generally takes either of
two forms. 1) Propitiation. Here we have the various "sin offerings"
of the Jerusalem temple. 2) Nurturing.

I asked myself these same questions and as a student of Religionswissenschaft (The Study of Religions) I regarded one of my tasks to develop a descriptive model for human sacrifice in Japan. I tried to preventthe comparison to other - especially unconnected - religious traditions because I have found these to be very misleading in describingthe specific tradition in Japan. My idea was to create a heuristic model just for Japan that can then serve for comparing the Japanese tradition with other cultures if one wishes to do so.

The other decision I made was to clearly differentiate between motifs in legends and myths, and an actual practice of human sacrifice.

I defined human sacrifice as a ritual killing of a person (for whatever purpose, but in a religious context). It is a kind of umbrella term. When the killing is forced upon the person I called it "human sacrifice" in the narrower sense (involuntary human sacrifice). When the person offers his/her assistance I called this action "self-sacrifice" (voluntary human sacrifice).

I then went on to look at the Japanese legends and myths containing motifs of human sacrifice and self-sacrifice, and researched to a lesser extent other sources such as archaeological finds (haniwa, the find at Edojou), reports on practices like self-mummification etc.
After examining all these (although I neglected the latter a little bit; therefore my inquiry to this list which resulted in so many insightfulreplies), four categories of human sacrifice began to crystallize: hitomigokuu/ ikenie; hitobashira; junshi and what I called "salvation sacrifice" (e.g. fudaraku tokai).

I have found so far that - to put it in a nutshell - the practice of *involuntary* human sacrifice is really only visible in stories and is theprimary focus of scholarly discussion on human sacrifice in general, whereas self-sacrifice which didn't develop story motifs to such an extent, is visible as an actual practice and is discussed only sporadically in the context of ritual killing.

As for auto-interment the possibly fictitious Edo period Buddhist temple
which was killing its clients in a large lotus flower, Chinese accounts
of monks setting their heads on fire, &c. These appear to rather being
excessive versions of asceticism rather than a true sacrificial cult.

I agree, but it depends on how "sacrifice" is defined, of course. Self-sacrifice is often judged as "fanaticism". I think it's a very tough subject to handle.
I tried to examine the way the adherents of that particular religious tradition see their own rituals and ceremonies before switching into the mode of meta language.

Best regards,

Katja



Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2001 10:12:37 -0500

From: Suzanne Gay <...anne....@...rlin.edu>

Subject: Job announcement


The Department of Art and the East Asian Studies Program at Oberlin College seek a specialist of East Asian art history for a full-time, one-year position. Qualifications: Ph.D. in hand (or expected) by August, 2002; college teaching experience desirable. Please send letters of application, including a curriculum vitae, graduate academic transcripts, course syllabi if available, and at least three letters of reference to Professor Susan Kane, Department of Art, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074 by February 15, 2002. Application materials received after that date may be considered until the position is filled. Salary will depend on qualifications and experience. AA/EOE

--
Suzanne Gay
Director, East Asian Studies Program
Associate Professor, East Asian Studies
Peters 316
Oberlin College
Oberlin, OH 44074

Phone: (440)775-8826
FAX: (440)775-6724



Date: Sat, 29 Dec 2001 00:32:32 +0900

From: Michael Watson <......@...eijigakuin.ac.jp>

Subject: announcements


In the rush before Christmas, I failed to pass on one message that didn't make it to the list from the member who asked about Shigeta Sadakatsu

Dear colleagues,
thank you all very much for the thorough explanations and comments.
I'm sorry my question caused that slight "friction".
thank you again,
Andrey Fesyun

Talking of things Russian, can anyone enlighten me about the first (given) name of "I. Lvova" -- the translator of Heike monogatari, Towazugatari, and other works? [The surname should be L'vovoi.]

New subscribers--I usually wait until I have at least three to announce, butit seems rude to keep
Max Moeman and Anna Johnson-Betty waiting any longer.

D. Max Moerman <...er...@...nard.EDU>
Assistant Professor of Japanese Cultural History
Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Cultures
Barnard College, Columbia University

Ms. Anna Johnson-Betty <...hn...@...eyhoag.com>
Cambridge, MA Harvard University (East Asian Studies) '97, Beijing
University's Mandarin Language Center 1996.
Current projects: Applying to graduate school to study linguistics,
specifically historical phonology of Korean, Japanese, Chinese,
Manchu-Jurched and Vietnamese. I have only had a few things published, most
notably the 'Let's Go Guide to South East Asia 1998' [Hong Kong and North
Sumatra sections]. Other useful information: I am Buddhist, I have a
relentless thirst for language, linguistics and comparative religion, and I
write and edit in my spare time.
Anna J. Johnson-Betty

Anna was a member earlier, under another name, and sparked off a memorable discussion about bungo.

Some members have recently changed address:
Janine Beichman <...i...@...l1.accsnet.ne.jp>
Janice S. Kande <...a...@...bi.com>

Best of the season to all of you,

Michael Watson



Date: Fri, 28 Dec 2001 11:25:59 -0500

From: "Maureen Donovan" <...ova...@....edu>

Subject: I. Lvova


Michael:

In S. Miliband, <...bibliograficheskii slovar' otechestvennykh vostokovedov>
(Nauka, 1995) there is a cross-reference from I. L'vova to:

Ioffe (L'vova), Irina L'vovna, 1915-1989.

The brief bio mentions more than 40 works, of which 11 are listed, including
the Heike translation. She participated in a 1982 conference in Tokyo
(celebrating the 10-year anniversary of establishment of National Institute
of Japanese Literature). In 1988 she was awarded the Order of theSacred
Treasure, 4th level in Tokyo. Her obituary is noted also: "Pamiati Iriny
L'vovny Ioffe (L'vovoi)" <...ody Azii i Afriki> 1990 No. 3, p. 215-216.

Greetings,
Maureen

Maureen H. Donovan
Associate Professor / Japanese Studies Librarian, Ohio State University,
328 Main Library, 1858 Neil Ave Mall, Columbus, OH 43210-1286 USA
+1-614-292-3502 ** +1-614-292-1918 (fax) ** donova...@....edu
Ohio State's Japanese Collection: http://pears.lib.ohio-state.edu/eaj/
East Asian Libraries Coop WWW homepage: http://pears.lib.ohio-state.edu



Date: Sat, 29 Dec 2001 23:16:45 +0900

From: "Mark E. Hall" <...kh...@....com>

Subject: Re: sacrifice at Edojou


Katja wrote:
The Kunaichou seemed to have strongly supportedthe martyr theory, since proof or support for the hitobashira theory would have embarrassed the young nation indeed.

I was wondering whether the find was perhaps re-examined with modern research methods to reveal what really happened to the 21 people. There must be quite a bit of material, photos etc. But maybe it is all locked up somewhere as "sensitive material" for good...

Katja--

Well, after talking to several colleagues, they suggested if you are really interested, instead of making oblique references to this material being "sensitive", is to ask the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tokyo and/or the University Museum at the University of Tokyo as to the disposition of the material. Materials from excavations run by the Imperial University ended up in these two places. Also as my colleagues noted: 1) a lot of collections were destroyed during WW2, and 2) collections then as now, were often de-accessioned, re-buried, lost, etc.

Best, MEH



::::: pmjs footer:::::


One of our historians recommends
Suzanne Gay's *The Moneylenders of Late Medieval Kyoto* (University of Hawaii
Press, 2001)
Now in paperback

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